1. Ninety percent of all voicanic activity on Earth occurs'in the ocean.
2. An area the size of New York State, U.S.A., on the South Pacific ocean floor is home to 1133 active volcanic cones and sea mounts.
3. In 2012, James Cameron, director of Avatar, became the first solo explorer to reach the deep- est depth of the ocean.
4. Earth's longest mountain range is under the sea, The Mid-Ocean Ridge is four times longer than the Andes, Rockies, and Himalayas combined.
5. Canada has 15 percent of the world's coastline-more than any other country.
6.At the deepest point in the ocean, the pres- sure is more than eight tons per square inch (1.1 MT per cm).
7. The temperature of almost all deep-ocean water is just barely above freezing.
8. If all of the gold in the world's seawater vere sifted out, there would be enough for each person on Earth to claim nine pounds (4 kg).
9. The world's tall- est known iceberg-found off the coast of Greenland-was just a few feet shorter than the Washington Monument in Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 10. If all of the oceans' salt content could be collected and dried out, it would cover all of Earth's continents in five feet (1.5 m) of sodium.
11. Scientists measure the age of fish by counting lines in their bones, just like the rings in a tree.
12. The most primitive fishlike animals on Earth have sucking mouths, ike lampreys, which are mostly bottom-dwellers.
13. Sturgeons live 50 years or more and can weigh more than 1,000 pounds (454 kg).
14. Sharks have eyelids, but most other fish don't.
15. Tuna can swim in quick bursts at 50 mph (80 kph).
16. Most fish can't swim backward.
17. Most fish are unabie to appreciate the colorful lures used to attract them because they are color-blind.
18. Two of the four flatfish families have their eyes on the left side of their body. The other two families have their eyes on the right.
19. Puffer fish puff up by pumping water into special sacs. Out of water they will still inflate by using ain
20. An electric eel discharges some 350 volts-more thän an electrical outlet in your housel
21. A giant squid is as long'as a six-story bullding is high.
22. Scientists once tracked a lobster as it traveled 225 miles (362 km).
23. A lobster's teeth are in its stomach.
24. There's a type of land hermit crab in the Pacific islands that eats coconuts.
25. A sea turtle can stay underwater for up to two hours without coming up for air.
26. It would take a stack of more than nine Empire State Buildings to equal the average depth of the ocean.
27. A dolphin's flipper has five digits. stmilar to a human's hand,
28. Humans have only explored 5 percent of the ocean.
29. The Monterey Bay Submarine Canyon off California, U.SA, is deeper than the Grand Canyon.
30. The Gulf Stream off the U.5. Atlantic seaboard flows 300 times faster than the typical flow of the Amazon River,
31. If you take a gulp of seawater, you may have just swällowed hundreds of thousands of phytoplankton and tens of thousands of zooplankton.
32. Sand is made of tiny pieces of worn-down rock. Wind, water, and glaciers pick up the pieces and leave them in the ocean where they become sediment or or land, where they form our sand dunes.
33. Kelp is harvested to make coSmetics and toothpaste.
34. Lionfish are sometimes called turkeyfish because their fins look like turkey feathers.
35. Green sea turtles weigh about 300 pounds (135 ka)-that's as much as a male fion. But while lions live about 15 years in the wild, green turtles live about 100.
36. Starfish aren't fish. Sea stars-as they're properly called-are echinoderms, related to sand dollars, sea urchiris, and sea cucumbers.
37. Some sea stars have more than 40 arms! If an arm is lost, they can grow a replacement.
38. Jellyfish are about 95 percent water
39. Jellyfish don't have a brain, blood, or a heartl
40. Sea stars take out their stomach to eat! They put it over prey, cover the prey with digestive juices, and then slurp it up.
41. The sunflower sea star has 24 arms and is considered fast moving, as far as sea stars go. When
Jogking for food it. can travel 40 inches (1 m) in a minute,
42. Scientists ran detormine how old a sand dollar is by counting the growth rings on fs exoskeleton. Most live between six and ten years.
43. An abalone has bluish-nrpen blood, . When a sea cucumber feels threatened, It can shoot out some of its internal organs! It grows replacements.
45. Oval-shaped comb jellies have eiglht rows of tiny comblike plates that they beat to move through the water, Their main prey: other jelies,
46. Giant clams, the lardest clams in the world, can grow to be more than four feet (12 m) lang. They spend their adult life attached to the same spot.
47. All clownfish start out as male, As they grow, some males change into females.
48. The anglerfish has a "rod" on the end of its snout with a glow of light at the end. The lioht isireally millions of light-producing bacteria.
49. At 5.000 pounds (2.268 kal, ocear sunfish are the world's heaviest bony fish. Still, their size doesn't keep orcas and sea lions from preying on them.
50. Sea lions are often seen bodysurfing.
51. Sea lions sometimes keep their flippers out of the water to regulate their body temperature.
52. Once each year, elephant seals come ashore and sheda layer of skin and their fur,
53. Sea otters sometimes wran themselves in kelp when resting to keep from drifting away.
54. Sea otters coats have pockets. They have flaps of skin under their front leris which theyuse to store food, while their paws are free to continue diving
55. A nautilus swims by making jets. By shooting water out of its funnel it can swim foEward backward.or sideways,
56. Cuttlefish ink was once used for writ- ing and drawing.
57. Cuttlefish can instantly change their skin color and patterin
58, The giant Pacific octopus has about 2,200 suction cups total on its eight arms.
59. Seals have small front flippers, whereas sea lions have long gnes, helping them "walk" better on land. Sea lions also have small flaps for ears, and seals don't have external ears.
60. Dolphins have longer noses, bioger mouths, and a more curved dorsal fin than their porpoise cousins. Dolphins also make more noise.
61. The threadfin butterfly fish has a spot near its tail that looks like an eye, perhaps to confuse predators. Its real eye is disquised under a black strip,
62. Sawfish have a six-foot (2-m) -long nose that looks like a saw. It uses it to dig for prey in the ocean floor.
63. Swordhsh can travel as fast as 60 miles per hour (96 kph). Thật's as fast as a car travels on a highway!
64. A flying fish can glide as much as 600 feet (180 m) over the water
65. The tripod fish has thin, long fins that it "stands" on while waiting for prey on the oceari floor.
66. The eelpout. which ives near hydrothermal vents, is a Jang, white fish that doesn't have scales.
67. Orcas have been known to attack polar bears.
68. The frilled shark was thought to be extinct, until 2007, when a Japanese fisherman found a live one washed up on the shore.
69. Sea horses have no teeth or stomach.
70. Plesiosaurs, giant long-necked marine reptiles, swam in the oceans 80-215 million years ago-the same time dino- saurs roamed the Earth.
71. The largest crocodiles on Earth are strong swimmers and have been spotted far out at sea near Australia and Southeast Asia. Called "salties" by Australians, they can be 17 feet (5 m) long.
72. Narwhals are called the "unicorns.of the sea" Their spiral tusk can be 8.8 feet (2.7 m) long.
73. Manatees can hold their breath for 15 minutes underwater,
74. Manatees were once mistaken for mermaids by sailors.
75. A giant squid's eye is as big as a watermelon.
76. Scallops have about 60 eyes around the edge of their shell to detect motion, light, and darkness.
77. Blue whale calves grow at a rate of 11 pounds (5 kg) per hour,
78. The dwarf goby fish is just 0.3 inches (6 mm) long.
79. Both male and female wialruses have tusks. They use their tüskswhich can be about three feet (1 m) longto haul themselves out of the water and to dig holes in the ice.
80. Sponges don't have eyes or a mouth and they can't move on their own.
81. Bottlenose dolphins live 40-45 years in the wild.
82. Beluga whales stick to swimming in cold waters. They can be found in the Arctic Ocean and near Russia, Canada, Greenland, and Alaska, U.S.A.
83. Giant tube warms.can grow to be more than six feet (1.8 m) tall and are found near hydrothermal vents in the Pacific Ocean about one mile (16 km) belaw the water's surface. A plume from a worm's opening collects mutrients fronm the surrounding water.
84. The barfish, the longest bony fish in the world, can reach lengths of 50 feet (a5 m). Some people report Seeing a sea serpent when they spot, one.
85. Green sea turtles sometimes migrate more than 1.400 miles (2,253 km) to lay their eggs.
86. A group of jellyfish is called a smack:
87. Ol from some fish is used in shampoo,
88. Bluefish tuna is prized seafood used in sushi. A 444 pound (201 kg) bluefin tuna once sold in a Japanese fish market for $173.600.
89. Diatoms algae with hard shells-are used in pet litter, cosmetics, and tooth polish,
9o.Life began in the oceans 3.4-3.4 billion years ago.
91. When a blue whale exhales, the air comes out its blowhole at 300 miles per hour (483 kph).
92. A sailfish hits its prey with its nose, which either stuns ar kills it. Longsnout Seaharse Then it eats it,
93. Giant kelp can grow up to two feet (0.61 m) a day.
94. Scottish law once required that fishermen wear a gold earring, If they died ut sea, the earring was used to pay funeral expenses.
95. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of Earth's frve ocean basins. Stal it's ane and afualfkünes s hig as the United States,
96. Stíngrays are in the same family as sharks.
97. Salt in the ocean comes fromn eroding rocks on landi
98. grea Sometimes caled the wolver of the sea because they live and hunt togetlher. A group of orcas is called a pod.
99. Orcas have about 45 threerinch- long (7.6 cm) teeuth They only use them for rioping prey. They don't chew their faod.
100. There are some 1.25o known species of sea cucumben *
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