1. The great white shark is the largest carnivorous fish in the sea.
2. There are about 350 species of sharks.
3. Sharks live in all of Earth's oceans
4. Sharks lived on earth 170 milion years before dinosaurs.
5. Sharks are fish, but they don't have bony skeletons. They are made froma flexible, rubbery material called cartilage.
6. The tip of your nose and your earlobe are made of cartilage. Cartilage helps sharks twrist and turn.
7. At 65 feet. (20 m) the whale shark is the world's largest shark, but it's a harmless giant. It feeds mostly on floating plankton.
8. Whale sharks weigh up to 74.970 pounds (34.000 kg)-about as much as 12 large white rhinos,
9. A newborn whale shark is only 25 inches (64 cm) long.
10. A whale shark has 3,000 tiny teeth that are 1/12 of an inch (3 mm) long,
11. A whale shark's mouth opens to about 4.6 feet (1.4 m), almost as wide as a car,
12. The five-foot-lang (25 m) leopard tiark is spotted like its namesake,
13: Pilot fish hover around nurse sharks and eat parasites off their skin.
14. More than half of a shark's weight is miscie,
15. All that bulk makes them heavier than seawater so they must swim constantly to avoid sinking to the ocean floor
16. Most sharks also swim to keep vater flowing through their gills so they can breathe.
17. Bottom-dwelling sharks are often seen resting on the ocean floor. They find spots with a slow-flowing current or oxygen-rich water.
18. A shark's skin is as tough as sandpaper and is cavered in pointed scales,
19. Sharks have six or more rows of teeth. Gnly the outer one or two are functional.
20. A shark's rows of teeth act as replacements that mave forward as older teeth wear out or are lost.
21. 0n average, a shark loses about one touth a week.
22. Suntigiht penetrates the ocean to a depth of only about 400 feet (122 m). Below that it is pitch-black. Some sharks have a mirrorlike layer at the back of their eyebalis to increase brightness.
23. Sharks have a very good sense of smell. Some can smell one drop of blood in 25 milhon drops of ocean.
24. Sharks use their ears for a sense of balance just like we do.
25 Every shark has a lateral ne canal filled with fluid-running down the inside of its body. This allows it ta feel pressure waves (produced by movement or underwater sound) in the water around it.
26: Sharks have tiny sensory pits acruss their siouts that can detect electric currents groducad by other animals, vihich helps them find food.
27. A few sharks-like dogfish-hunt in groups when attacking a larger prey, but most. sharks eat. alone,
28. Hämmerheads ise tiheir head to pound their prey-like stingrays-against the ocean floor.
29. Great whites hunt by surprising their prey from below and disabling them with one massive bite. If they like how it tastes, they finish it of.
30. Great whites are colored dark on the back and shade to light on the bellv. This makes thert bard to see from above fin contrast to the dark sea) arid from belaw (in contrast to the water surface or sky an.
31.Fast sharks tend to hold their bodies stiff while their tails give quick, powerful thrusts Slower sharks bodies flex as they move.
32. The upper lobe on a thiresh shark's tail is about as long as the rest of its body! it uses its tail to splash the water while round- îng up prey.
33. Port Jackson sharks use their flattened teeth to feed on shelifish and sea urchins,
34-Whale sharks, basking sharks, and megantouth sharks are all filter feeders. They open their mouths wide to suck in gallons of water, then strain the water out tirough their gills to trap the plankton insidte.
35. Basking sharks get their name because they lie with their back at the water's surface like a sun- bather.
36. Sharks are light eaters relative to their body weight. They don't need to use food as energy to keep their body warm because they are cold-blooded
37. Worldwide, there are 50-8o unpro- voked shark attacks each year. On average. only a dozen people die
38. The mast.com mon places for shark attacks Lo occur are Florida. U.S.A California: 0.S.A: South Africa; and Australia.
39. Far more people are killed each year by dogs, elephants, and bees than by sharks!
40. Great white, tiger, and buil sharks are considered the most dangerous to people. Often their attacks are because of mistaken identity: These sharks normally eat prey similar in size to humans.
41. Some shark species are known to live 100 years or longer.
42. One of the Fercest sharks is the 20-inch (s1-cm) cooki cutter shark 1t val bite chumke from whale more than 20 times its hody lengthl
43. Shark babjes dre talled pups. Some pups grow inside their mothers, Others hatch from éngri
44.Skark skin is used to make purses and shoes. Shark teeth are used Tor jevelry.
45 Swell shark pups hatch from eggs: The mother sharks lav the egns in hard cases. People call these cases mermaid's purses.
46. Swiei shar sothers lay isp to frve egg cases at a time, In nine months the swall sharkruee hatrh
47 In the light, our vision is about. the same as a shark's. In the dark, a shark's eyes are teri times more sensitive to light,
48.A shark usis un more t han 10.o0o teeth in its lifetime.
49. Prehistoric sharks had teetn up to six inches (15 cm) long!
50. The prehistoric shark Corcharocles megolodan is estimated to have been 60 feet (162 m) long and irelghed 55125 polinds (25.000 kg). Thats the aize and veight of a fully Toaded semi,
51 The spiny nyrumy shark is about ejght inches (20 cm) long It has a glow-in-the-dark belly
52 . When a great white bites its prey, its eyes roll back intoo its heard This ncotects its evas in case the prey fights back.
53. Mako sharks leap clear out of the water to catch prey.
54. The tiny lantern shark is rouared võth olowin theidark sime,
55. The lantem shark is a deep-sea shark. Sclentists thirik glowing might help predators attract prey.
56. Wobbegong sharks are colored Tike the seafloor. Their mouths have parts that, look ike seaweed,
57. A Surfer named Bethany Hamilton was attacked by a tiger shark in Hawaii. USA when she was 13. It took a big bite out of her surfboard, arid it took fer lere arm. Bethany continues to surf. The movie Soul Surfer was made about her,
58. The ureat vhite shark has the largest teeth of any iving shark. They are to inches long (5 cm).
59. Sharks are close cousins to rays,
60. A shark has five to seven gil openings on each side of its head. A bony fish has just oe.
61. Scientists use bone, teeth, or scales to determine the age of a bony fish. But since sharks don't have bones, permanent teeth, or scales, it is nard to determine the age and life span of a shark.
62. Red tallsharks popular in home aguariuros are bony fish, not sharks.
63. The dvarf lantern shark is only the size of a pencil.
64. When threatened, a swell shark doubles in size by puioing water. Once safe, it makes a doglike bork and barps out vrater.
65. Mako sharks are faster than bottlenose dolphins and killer whales, They can swim up to 31 miles per hour (so kph).
66. During the day asmAny as 16 nurse sharks pile on top of each other as they rest in caves and crevices
67. A shark cage is the only safe way to observe and photograph larger and more aggressive, sharks,
68. A shark's taste buds line ita vhole mouth not tust its tongue,
69. The prickly dogfish gets its rame from its sUuer- rough scales. The best way to see this shark is from a deep-sea subrmersible off the coasts of New Zealand and Australia
70. Greeniand sharks ye in the North Atlantic and Arctic. They eat seabirds and dead wsales, Indigenous people use their hides for bouts and teeth for kilvas,
71.The nurse shark is active at night in the mangrove reefs and rocky shores of the eastern and western Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, and the eastern Pactic from Mexico to Peru.
72. Spinner sharks hunt schools of fish while jumping and spinning out of the water.
73. Blacktip reef sharks are common in the reefs of the Mediterranean Sea and the Pacific and Indian Oceans,
74. Stx Yare shark species call the freshwater rhvers of Barneo, Australia, and Iodia home
75. The heart of a whale shark weighs more than 40 pounds (18 kg). That's 80 times bigger than your hearti
76. tesearchers and fisherisen have found everything from license plates to boat cushions in the bellies of sharks,
77. Great white sharks travel 6,897 miles (1100 km) in gg days to migrate from South Africa to Australia. That's like swimming the distance of the US. from coast to coast-twice!
78. Wders, surfers, and divers in Florida are usually unaware that swimming nearby are sand devils, bannet-head, blacktip, sandbar, spinnar, and scalloped hammerhead sharks
79. As much as two-thirds of a shark's brain is devoted to its sense of smell
8o. A shark's fat-filled tiver provides buoyancy and stores energy. A basking shark's liver is 25 percent of its body weight.
81. Some sharks, like carpet sharks, can change their: skin color to blend into their surround- ings.
82. Tiger sharks aren't picky about what they eat. They gobble up fish. other sharks seabirds, igoanas, sea snakes, sea turtles, anid sea scraps such as garbange and carrion.
83. Great white sharks grow to an average of 15 feet (4.6 m) in length, though some larger ones have been recorded at more than 20 feet (6 m) and weighed up to 5.000 pounds (2,268 kg).
84. If the current and tight are just right, a shark: hears prey 820 feet (250 m) anay: smells blood one-half mile (1 km) away; sees imovement up to 50 feet (15 m) away: and feels the flutter of moving animals one to two body lengths away,
85. A shark's sense of smell is 10.000 times better than ours!
86. Great white and oceanic whitetip sharks poke their heads out of the tater to pick up airborne scents.
87. A major predator of sharks is another shark.
88. Unlike mammals, a shark's upper jav is not fused to its sikull. When biting, the upper and lower jaws drop and move forward, rotating the teeth outward. This gives a shark a larger bite or better suction to capture prey.
89. A large adult great white shark is three times longer than a person. go.
90.The oldest knowm intact shark skeleton (a Dollodus problen aticus) was found in Canada. It lived 409 million years ago.
91. Frilled sharks have changed very little since prehistoric times. These squid-eating, deep- sea sharks can grow as long as a Jeep.
92. Angel sharks hide beneath the sand and wait perfectly stil for their prey.
93. The Greenland shark has polson- Dus flesh. It has been known to snatch caribou straight from the water's edge,
94. lf you ate like a shark, you'd only eat one small meal, Bke a plece of pizza every few days. And you'd have to swallow it hole!
95. A great white shark's first dorsal fin is about 32 feet (1 m) talllarger than a four-year-old kidt
96. How far can you swim in five seconds? A shortfin mako can zip 239 feet (73 m)-the length of a soccer field. A great white can make it 183 feet (56 m)-frst to third base. Megamouth is a bit of a slowpoke. It can only travel 4-5 feet (13 m)-that's like moving over two seats in a baseball stadium.
97. An íchthyologist is a person who studies marine fish, including sharks.
98. People are e bigger danger to sharks than sharks are to people Mlions of sharks die in nets set to catch other fish, Others are icilled on purpose.
99. 900,000 tons(816 466 MT) of shark have been caught every year for the last 20 years.
100. Some sharks are caught for shark fin soup, a Chinese delicacy.
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